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名師出鏡：中考英語閱讀理解實戰(zhàn)分析
出場教師：石家莊市41中初三英語教師 王金
采寫：本報記者 呂海波
英語的閱讀理解對許多同學(xué)來說，是一道難關(guān)。不少同學(xué)即使平時基礎(chǔ)知識掌握得不錯，但做起題來卻得分不高。對此，石家莊市41中的王老師說，想要攻克英語閱讀理解的難關(guān)，除了掌握扎實的英語基礎(chǔ)知識外，還應(yīng)掌握較為科學(xué)的解題方法。
接著，王老師結(jié)合實際例題，為同學(xué)們講解了英語閱讀理解該如何去分析和選擇出正確答案。相信王老師的分析能讓大家受益良多。
例1：When you want to go shopping，decide how much money you can spend for new clothes.Think about the kind of clothes you really need.Then look for those clothes on sale(銷售).
There are labels(標(biāo)簽)inside all new clothes.The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes.The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water.A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water.The label on a coat may say “dry clean only.”Washing may ruin(損壞) this coat.If you do as the directions(說明) say on the label，you can keep your clothes looking their best.Many clothes today must be dry cleaned.Dry cleaning is expensive.When buying new clothes，check(核實) to see if they will need to be dry cleaned.You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.
You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made.Well-made clothes last longer.They look good even after they have been washed many times.Clothes that cost more money are not always better made.They do not always fit (合身) better.Sometime less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.
1.If you want to save money you can buy clothes that_____.
A.don't fit you
B.don't last long
C.need to be dry cleaned
D.can be washed
2.The label inside the clothes tell you______.
A.how to keep them looking their best
B.how to save money
C.whether they fit you or not
D.where to get them dry cleaned
3.The first thing for you to do before you buy clothesis___.
A.to look for well-made clothes
B.to see how much money you can pay
C.to know how to wash them
D.to read the labels inside them
4.We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes______.
A.are always worse made
B.must be dry cleaned
C.can not be washed
D.can sometimes fit you better
5.The best title(標(biāo)題) for the reading should be______.
A.Buying Less Expensive Clothes
B.Taking Enough Money When Shopping
C.Being a Clever Clothes Shopper
D.Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes
分析：
1、此題為理解題。從第二段“Dry cleaning is expensive.You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.”可以看出C答案不對，又可以從第三段很容易判斷出A和B不對。
2、此題為理解題。第二段的第二句話應(yīng)該被看作主題句。從此句可以看出該題答案選擇A。一般說來，文章的段落常有概括中心思想的主題句，且多位于段首或段末，有時也會夾在中間。對無主題句的篇章，考生應(yīng)對文章進行分析和歸納，然后概括中心思想。
3、此題為直接題。從文章第一段第一句可以看出答案選B。
4、此題為推理題，文章中雖然沒有直接信息，但從文章第二段及第三段很容易推斷出A，B，C答案都是錯誤的。又從第三段最后一句話可以推斷出答案選D。
5、此題為概括題。此題考查文章的標(biāo)題，主要針對文章的主題、中心思想、文章的結(jié)構(gòu)層次(主題句或主題段)，要求學(xué)生在理解全文后歸納短文要點，概括中心思想�？忌鷼w納各段的主題句不難發(fā)現(xiàn)此題答案選擇C。
例2：Happiness is for everyone.You don't need to care about those people who have beautiful houses with large gardens and swimming pools or those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on.Why？Because those who have big houses may often feel lonely and those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads at their free time.In fact，happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it.When you are in trouble at school，your friends will help you;when you study hard at your lessons，your parents are always taking good care of your life and your health;when you get success，your friends will say congratulations to you;when you do something wrong，people around you will help you to correct it.And when you do something good to others，you will feel happy，too. All these are your happiness.If you notice a bit of them，you can see that happiness is always around you.
Happiness is not the same as money.It is a feeling of your heart.When you are poor，you can also you are very happy，because you have something else that can't be bought with money.When you meet with difficulties，you can say loudly you are very happy，because you have more chances to challenge yourself.So you cannot always say you are poor and poor and you have bad luck.As the saying goes，life is like a revolving(旋轉(zhuǎn)的) door.When it does，it also opens.If you take every chance you get，you can be a happy and lucky person.
1.Those who have big houses may often feel_____.
A.happy B.lonely
C.free D.excited
2.When you fall down in a PE class，both your teacher and your classmates will_____.
A.laugh at you
B.play jokes on you
C.quarrel with you
D.help you up
3.What will your friends say to you when you make great progress？
A.Oh，so do I.
B.Congratulations.
C.Good luck.
D.It's just so-so.
4.Which idea is NOT RIGHT according to the passage？
A.People who have cars would never like to walk in the open air.
B.You can get help from others when you make mistakes.
C.You can still be a happy person even if you have little money.
D.Happiness is always around you though difficulties come towards you.
5.Which of the folowingi st hisp assage about？
A.Bad luck. B.Good luck. C.Happiness. D.Life.
分析：
1、B。這是一個考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實的題目。文章中有明確的敘述：Because those who have big houses may often feel lonely….所問問題和原文的敘述完全一樣。
2、D。這也是一個考查細(xì)節(jié)和事實的題目。在所給文章中可以找到這樣的敘述：When you are introuble at school，your friends will help you.根據(jù)這一敘述，可以判斷：當(dāng)你在體育課上摔倒時，你的老師和同學(xué)們肯定會幫你站起來的。
3、B。這一道閱讀理解題同樣是考查事實和細(xì)節(jié)的題目。在閱讀文章里我們也能找到關(guān)于這問題的敘述：when you get success，your friends will say congratulations to you.
4、A。這是一道判斷題目。閱讀文章里明確敘述：those who have cars may want to walk on the country roads at their free time.閱讀理解題的A項說，有車的人永遠(yuǎn)不愿在室外走，與文章所講完全不同，因此是不對的。
5、C。這是一道考查文章主題的題目。這篇文章共有三段。第一段的主題句是：Happiness is for everyone.第二段的主題句是：In fact，happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it.第三段的主題句是：Happiness is not the same as money.三段的主題都是圍繞happiness展開的，所以正確答案是happiness。
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