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關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句1
1、that 指人或物在從句中作主語,賓語或表語
which 指物在從句中作主語,賓語或表語(作賓語時(shí)可以省略)
who 指人在從句中作主語,賓語或表語
whom 指人在從句中作賓語
whose 指人或物在從句中作定語
as 指人或物在從句中作主語,賓語或表語
but 指人或物在從句中作主語,賓語或表語
注意:指物時(shí),whose+名詞=the+名詞+of which或 of which+the+名詞
2、as 的用法
。1)常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu):such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as
注意:the same…as 表示同一類,不同一個(gè)
the same…that 表示同一個(gè)
。2)as與which的區(qū)別
a、位置不同
as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中間;which只能放在主句后。
b、as起連接作用,表達(dá)說話人的觀點(diǎn)、看法,并指出主句內(nèi)容的根據(jù)或出處,意為“正如,正像”。
Which相當(dāng)于并列句,可以用and this來代替,意為“這一點(diǎn),這件事’”。
注意:as常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu):as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。
c、在從句中作主語時(shí),which既可作系動(dòng)詞be的`主語也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語,而as只可作系動(dòng)詞be的主語。
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句2
關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想見你的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的.那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
2) Whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which互換), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3)which, that,它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作主語)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句3
1. 由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句主要用于正式文體,在非正式文體中通常將介詞放至句末。如:This is the man to whom I referred. 我指的就是這個(gè)人。This is the man (whom) I referred to. 我指的就是這個(gè)人。
2. 直接用于介詞后作賓語的關(guān)系代詞which不能換成that,直接用于介詞后作賓語的關(guān)系代詞whom不能換成who。但若介詞用于句末,則用作賓語的which, whom也可換成that, who,或者省略不同。如:這是一個(gè)我們討論了許多的問題。This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.(which不能換成that,也不能省略)This is a subject which we have talked about a lot. 這是一個(gè)我們討論了許多的問題。(which可以換成that,也可以省略)
3. 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why根據(jù)情況有時(shí)可換成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞which”。如: That is the day when [=on which] he was born. 那就是他出生的`日子。That is the house where [=in which] he lived. 那就是他住過的房子。That is the reason why [=for which] he must apologize. 那就是他必須道歉的原因。
4. 在很正式的文體中,“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句可緊縮成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:在那兒孩子們有個(gè)玩耍的花園。正:There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正:There the children had a garden in which they could play. (較正式)正:There the children had a garden to play in. (較口語化)注:這類“介詞+關(guān)系代詞++不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞不能沒有,也不能放在句末。如不能說There the children had a garden which to play in.
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句4
關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞,并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
1)who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞,在從句中所起作用
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想見的`人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人。(whom/that在從句中作賓語)
2) Whose 用來指人或物,(只用作定語, 若指物,它還可以同of which互換), 例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了,大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3)which, that
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞,在從句中可作主語、賓語等,例如:
A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which / that在句中作賓語)
The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作賓語)
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