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PETS寫(xiě)作-從簡(jiǎn)單句子開(kāi)始
簡(jiǎn)單句句式:我們常常用到的最基本的五種簡(jiǎn)單句式即:
1.主語(yǔ) + 不及物動(dòng)詞
【例句】:I’m swimming.
She smiled.
2.主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)
【例句】I have finished my homework .
I don’t like football at all.
3.主語(yǔ) + 連系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ)
【例句】The weather is getting warmer and warmer.
The food tastes delicious.
4.主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 間接賓語(yǔ) + 直接賓語(yǔ)
【例句】I bought my sister a comb.
He gave her many beautiful coats.
5.主語(yǔ) + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
【例句】:He leaves the windows open.
They kept the seeds warm
.在PETS1短文寫(xiě)作中,考生只要清晰流暢地表達(dá)出題目要求的意思即可,因此考試應(yīng)該盡量用自己掌握熟練的句式來(lái)書(shū)寫(xiě),而以上的簡(jiǎn)單句結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,并且是我們從學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)開(kāi)始就很熟悉的,不易出錯(cuò)。因此考試要熟練掌握這幾種句式,同時(shí)在考試中不要貪圖文章的句子華麗,用一些不常用、不熟悉的句式,反而造成錯(cuò)誤。
常用句型
1. There be 結(jié)構(gòu)
a. 這是英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一種結(jié)構(gòu),表示“某地有某物”其含義為“存在有”。
【例句一】 There are twenty girls in our class.
have也解釋為“有”但是與there be有區(qū)別,它的含義是“所有,屬有”,其主語(yǔ)為某人。
【例句二】.I have a nice watch.
b. There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中的be動(dòng)詞要和后面所跟名詞保持一致。
c.There is a river near our school.
否:There is not a river near our school.
問(wèn):Is there a river near our school.
回答:Yes, there is. No, there isn't.
d.there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般將來(lái)時(shí),同學(xué)們較難掌握,其正確形式為:there is going to be
e.反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成:There is no water in the glass, is there?
2. so, neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句,為了避免和前一句話內(nèi)容重復(fù),英語(yǔ)中習(xí)慣用so, neither引導(dǎo)的倒裝句。
a. So +be(助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ)。表示某人也是如此。
b. Neither +be(助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)+主語(yǔ),表示某人也不。
c.So+主語(yǔ)+be(助動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)。表示果真如此(贊同), 請(qǐng)同學(xué)們與a.區(qū)別。
3. It's+時(shí)間+since動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。自從...起已有...時(shí)間了。
4. 祈使句+and (那么)...
5. 祈使句+or...否則...
6. The+比較級(jí)...,the+比較級(jí)... 越...越...
7. How do you like the film? =What do you think of the film?
8. What...do with...?怎樣對(duì)付...?怎樣處理...? 雖然中文為怎樣,我們絕不可照字面翻譯為how.
9. I don't know what to do.我不知道該怎么辦?I don't know how to do. ×
10. What...be like?...是什么樣的?
11. What...for?為何目的?為什么?
【例句三】What do you want a science lab f or?=Why do you want a science lab?
12 .one of +最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù) 最...之一
【例句四】.Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers.
13. find it +形容詞+to do
【例句五】I find it useful to learn English well. (我發(fā)覺(jué)學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是很有用的)
find +賓語(yǔ) +名詞
【例句六】I find him a good boy. (我發(fā)現(xiàn)他是個(gè)好男孩.)
find +賓語(yǔ) +形容詞
【例句七】I find the door open/closed. (我發(fā)現(xiàn)門(mén)開(kāi)/關(guān)著)
14. I don't think+肯定句 我想...不
【例句八】I don't think I'll take it. (我想我不買(mǎi)它了)
請(qǐng)注意:中文意思否定在從句中,但是英語(yǔ)的表達(dá)否定在主句中。
15. prefer A to B=like A better than B 更喜歡A不怎么喜歡B.
【例句九】I prefer fish to chicken.= I like fish better than chicken
16. had better do sth.最好干某事. 否定:had better not do sth.
特別注意:had better后面跟be動(dòng)詞詞組,不可漏掉be.
17. It is good (nice)of+賓格+to do sth.
【例句十】It is very good of you to teach me English. (你教我英語(yǔ)真是太好了)
18. It takes sb. some time to do sth.(干某事化費(fèi)某人多少時(shí)間)
=sb.spend some time on sth./ (in) doing sth.
【例句十一】It took me half an hour to do the work.
=I spent half an hour in doing the work.
19. sb.pay 錢(qián) for 物 某物化費(fèi)了某人多少錢(qián)
=sb.spend 錢(qián) on 物 =物 cost sb.錢(qián)
注意:pay的過(guò)去式為paid 而不是payed.
20. have been to 某人曾去過(guò)某地,現(xiàn)在人不在那兒
sb.have been in +地點(diǎn) 某人呆在某地(一段時(shí)間)
have gone to 某人已去某地,人不在這兒
21. ⑴ too…形容詞(副詞)+to…"太…而不能" "太…以致于不"
【例句十二】The basket is too heavy for me to carry. 這籃子太重我拿不動(dòng)。
、苨o...that 如此...以致于...
上面的too...to結(jié)構(gòu)的句子,可以換成so...that 引導(dǎo)的句子轉(zhuǎn)換。
【例句十三】The basket is so heavy that I can't carry it.
22. What's the population of ...? ...人口有多少?不說(shuō)How much population in...?形容人口數(shù)量的大用large
【例句十四】The population of China is ten times as large as that of the USA
23. I came to return your pan. (我跑來(lái)是還你鍋的)
→Why did you come? 而不用What
24. not...until (連詞)方才,才
【例句十五】He says that he won't be free until tomorrow.他說(shuō)他需到明天方才有空。
肯定句+until 到
【例句十六】You'd better wait until tomorrow. (你最好等到明天)
25. neither...nor... 既不...也不... either...or... 或者...或者...
【例句十七】Neither Tom nor Jack know how to spell the word "hundred".
【例句十八】Either you or she is right. (謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就近原則)
both...and... 兩者都...
【例句十九】Both Jim and I are in Grade One (主語(yǔ)看作復(fù)數(shù))
最常用時(shí)態(tài)
書(shū)面表達(dá)還需要考生準(zhǔn)確地運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)最基本的五個(gè)時(shí)態(tài),如果時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用自如,考生就能夠應(yīng)對(duì)各種時(shí)間條件的文章,因此,對(duì)于時(shí)態(tài)掌握不太好的考生,平時(shí)可以進(jìn)行五種基本時(shí)態(tài)的造句訓(xùn)練。
英文最常用的時(shí)態(tài)有五個(gè):一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);一般過(guò)去時(shí);一般將來(lái)時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):用動(dòng)詞原型表示,但單數(shù)第三人稱后要加-s,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。
【例句】We always care for each other and help each other。
2. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):用助動(dòng)詞be的人稱形式加現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成,主要表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在這一階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
【例句】Where are they having the basket-ball match?
3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí):由助動(dòng)詞shall或will加動(dòng)詞原型或be going to加動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成,shall用于第一人稱,will用于第二、三人稱。表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和情況。
【例句】:I will (shall) arrive tomorrow.
4.一般過(guò)去時(shí):由動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式表示,主要表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況(包括習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作)。
【例句】When did she leave?
5. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):由have或has加動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。表示到現(xiàn)在為止的這一時(shí)期中發(fā)生的情況;對(duì)現(xiàn)狀有影響的某一已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作;過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還有可能繼續(xù)的動(dòng)作。
【例句】I haven’t seen him for many days.
同時(shí)為了有效地提高成績(jī),我們還要有針對(duì)性的進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,一是對(duì)常用地各種句型、表達(dá)方式熟練掌握;二是對(duì)各種常用地應(yīng)用文體做專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練,進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)貙?xiě)作練習(xí),掌握一定地寫(xiě)作技巧。
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